厄玛加西亚

2013年4月30日

学习单位

Engl. 112B

潜入被拒绝者的领域，通过说话

The passage from middle school to high school is often a big cause for anxiety for many adolescent boys and girls. That transitional summer is the final marker of the childhood years. 尽管在他们的年龄上加上了“青少年”这个词，也可以看PG13级的电影，但他们仍处于青春期的早期阶段，很容易受到同龄人的影响。Just as dangerous and challenging as the constant peer pressure is the ability teens have to define one another. 高中的一件大事很容易成为一个人被定义的催化剂。劳里·哈尔斯·安德森的说话让读者看到一个失去控制的十几岁女孩的生活，她正在处理醉酒强奸后的抑郁、焦虑和后遗症。 Melinda Sordino finds herself an outcast in high school even without the student body knowing exactly what happened that terrible night. The wildfire effect with which bad news spreads through a school and the avid intolerance for �abnormal� behavior that teenagers display towards one another is captured in Anderson�s work.

Canonical works of literature dance around these hard-hitting subjects. 简单地说，高中英语课上的大部分作业都是通过“死去的老白人”的视角来讲述的。 The canonical works are often supported and introduced by more dead white guys. 学生们发现很难将课文与他们的青少年生活联系起来，结果在精神上和情感上都离开了课堂。Despite Anderson�s novel being centered on a female protagonist, males are able to connect with the difficulties Melinda faces while dealing with her depression. 她因沉默而遭受的社会排斥对男女都适用。

This non-canonical and formerly banned book dives into the challenges of a fractured home life, teenage depression, and the overall obscured and complicated life of teenagers. 这本具有讽刺意味的书让学生和老师在他们学校的学生身上看到了梅琳达的许多面孔。它让那些因为任何原因被欺负的学生看到还有其他像他们一样的人，让那些欺负别人的人看到他们在家里的麻烦并不罕见，青少年安静地忍受着那个可怕的夜晚/白天，忍受着耳语和笑声，低下头试图被忽视，安德森把他们的挣扎带到他们英语课的最前沿。

The centerpiece I chose is 说话by Laurie Halse Anderson, a text that allows students to draw on universal themes through an adolescent perspective. Although the text is fairly straight forward the complexities resulting from Melinda�s post-traumatic stress, self-harm, and the rape itself can be troubling and moving for teens. 有了一个指导课程，具有挑战性的主题，安德森提出可以使BET9九州体育登陆官方，即使是最不情愿的读者。Through the use of music, poetry, articles, and similar young adult novels students will be able to access the complex and obscured topics surrounding说话．

Unit Launch

《夏日夕阳西下》作者：史蒂夫·劳黑德（诗歌）

本单元以这首诗开始 As the Sun Goes Down on Summer 作者：Steve Lawhead。这首诗与梅林达进入的感觉她大一。她害怕她的拳头,知道大部分的学生如果不是全部已经不喜欢她。她不确定,她站在与她的朋友和沉默的她就迅速赚�奇怪�状态,Lawhead�年代诗提到。学生将把演讲者�年代在秋季入学的担忧和焦虑开始高中这样的期刊格式。我认为诗的涵盖了许多担心青少年面临高中在中间过渡。学生可以利用演讲者�年代的不安在开学的第一天(朋友、选择人气竞赛)。学生们将专注于诗中的某一行，并以此作为写作的基础。我将提供一些问题来引导学生通过写作过程如果有必要,但我宁愿它是一个松散的工作。

1)从初中过渡到高中，你有什么感受和担忧？

你大一开学的第一天感觉如何？(concerns, hopes, fears)

在新校园里找路是什么感觉？不得不看校园地图或向别人求助？

写作几分钟后，学生将进行小组分享。The students will provide the line they used to write about and how or why they felt connected to it. 在群共享,我们将进一步分析这首诗不同的直线。活动将提供学生有机会听到,像自己的许多同龄人还感到不安的第一天上学。该活动还将作为一个基础，以找出梅琳达的情感与学生们的情感之间的相似之处。

迷你图书证

学生将花五分钟探索四本书中的一本：

我知道为什么笼鸟歌唱作者是玛雅·安杰洛（Maya Angelou），这是一部自传式的成长故事，讲述了20世纪30年代一个缺乏安全感的黑人女孩在南方长大的故事。当她在祖母和父母之间穿梭时，她被母亲的男朋友强奸了。After the trial the man is killed and Maya is convinced her mouth is to blame. 她自愿成为一个哑巴，因为害怕她的声音能做什么。

斯佳丽的字母作者是纳撒尼尔·霍桑，讲的是一个叫海丝特·白兰的女人，她和牧师上床后怀孕了。In order to shame her and as a constant reminder of her crime she must bear an �A� on her scaffold. 她忍受着公众的谴责，其中一些是她以前的朋友，但她从未透露过她的通奸行为是和谁发生的。

结局by Nancy Garden, is about a freshman boy, Gray, who is attempting to start over at a new school, having been picked on to the point of violence in his last school. 格雷在新学校遇到了新的恶霸，经历了公众羞辱和身体虐待的痛苦。在代表恶霸的一些虐待行为之后，格雷带着他父亲的新半自动手枪去学校，意图摆脱学校的恶霸。

扭曲的由劳丽Halse安德森关于泰勒无害的夏天恶作剧变成坏男孩标签后他的父母,假释官,学校员工和他的同行们。他及时获得了一个新的头衔，引起了学校女神贝瑟尼·米尔伯里的注意，贝瑟尼在一次聚会上的酒后失误导致泰勒被诬陷为更严重的罪犯。

然后，学生们将在三本书中选择两本，并明确标明自己的第一和第二选择。他们会回到他们的桌子和写一段,他们提出一个有效论点的第一选择。他们必须提供一个公司对书的兴趣,和为什么他们应该被允许在特定的书。This is to ensure that the students are not merely picking the book that their friends agreed on. This will be turned in at the end of the class.

The Voice Within by Christina Aguilera (song) and Doo-Wop (That Thing) by Lauryn Hill (song)

Students will listen (possibly watch a performance via youtube.com) to the song 内心的声音by Christina Aguilera, and then be able to read the lyrics via a projection screen. The students will be given a few minutes to jot down any information, images, or ideas that may result from the song. 然后全班听和看视频Doo-Wop Lauryn Hill的作品，特别注意视频中所描绘的并排图像和所发送的信息。学生们将在歌曲和视频上做笔记，就像他们做的那样内心的声音．我相信这两首歌都与文本有关。The Voice Within is a supportive song that calls on the inner strength of a girl to get through the troubles of the outside world. The lyrics ask the girl to face her problems rather than run from them as well as to �stand your ground when you�re so afraid� words that Melinda Sordino could certainly take to heart.

Meanwhile, Doo-Wop is a song that I believe both males and females in the class will be able to connect with easily. The upbeat rhythm draws them in while the poignant lyrics cause them to think. The lyrics connect to the text by the drawing on Melinda�s innate attraction to Andy Evans and her (drunken) willingness to follow him into the woods. Also, the lyrics address the fa�ade that men try to maintain in an effort to fool the opposite sex and friends that they have it all together can be applied to several of the minor characters in Speak. The students will journal on how these songs may apply to an adolescent boy or girl of their age going through a tough time and on their opinion as to the healing power of music, they may provide real life examples to support their argument. Now I hope the class has at least some sense of curiosity about the novel.

Activity One: Bridging YA Literature (Book Groups)

Based on their choices and argument paragraph, I will then place the students in book groups consisting of 5-6 students per group. The book groups will read their respective books from the mini book pass individually while the class reads Speak together. The groups will create an 8-10 minute presentation for the class in which they draw parallels between their books and Speak. The presentations will take place at the end of the unit of study. The group presentations will draw on the main characters predicaments and emotions, common themes, and the rejections the main characters endure (rejection may also be used as a common theme). The students will also turn in an individual paper wherein they describe the work they contributed to the presentation, a written analysis of their part of the assignment, and a review of their group members� contributions to the group presentation. The requirements of the group are split into five jobs:

1. Summary and important quotes explained

2. Character parallels

3. Common theme 1

4. Common theme 2

5. Peer rejection/humiliation

Activity Two: Picasso�s Girl Before A Mirror

(Speak completed)

Students will view the painting Girl Before A Mirror by Picasso. After a few minutes of analyzing the painting, students will journal about what they believe they see represented in Picasso�s work. They will make an attempt to find a connection between the painting and Speak. There are often two representations given for the painting.

1) An aged woman masked beneath cosmetics to look like a younger woman, with the reflection in the mirror showing her true form.

2) A self-conscious young woman who cannot look past her own flaws when she stares in the mirror.

Either answer is applicable to the text; one way to apply the masked explanation is to address the masks that adolescents hide behind in an effort to fit in. Melinda hides behind her silence in an effort to stay invisible. Andy hides behind his popularity to hide his sexually abusive nature. A way of connecting the text to the self-conscious explanation is to address how Melinda feels about herself before the attack and after. She may not think she was drop dead gorgeous before the rape but she was comfortable later she describes her inability to look at parts of her own body comfortably.

活动三：诗歌比较

学生将阅读并聆听玛雅·安杰洛的诗歌我仍在奋起．在本单元开始时，我会要求学生们回顾他们写的关于莱海德的诗的文章，并将这两部作品与梅琳达·索尔迪诺的成长进行比较。学生们应该能够将梅琳达在小说中的成长联系起来，从一个害怕和沮丧的新生到小说最后一个更加安全的年轻女性。学生可以从安杰洛的诗中找到内心力量和自信的主题。学生们会选择几行诗和引用这本书,支持他们的要求,在他们的日记写下来。The students will then engage in a pair share before regrouping in a class discussion about how the novels ending.

活动四：Laurie Halse Anderson的文章

这门课将会阅读Kelly Thayer的文章《阅读Laurie Halse Anderson作品的多体裁方法》Wintergirls：融合文本，构建意义——作为本单元最终项目的先导。虽然这篇文章是关于另一本安德森的书，多体裁的方法可以适用于说话． The article addresses hoe content is presented, that because of the book being labeled a contemporary realistic fiction, rifts are drawn between the text and the reader. 塞耶建议改变文本的结构，让读者以不同的方式体验故事。Although Speak covers some difficult topics they resonate with reader in a way traditional books may not be able to. The article claims that multi-genre assignments foster critical thinking and overall engagement further enhancing the reading experience. 这是为了让学生思考他们本单元的期末作业，一篇多体裁的论文说话．这门课剩下的时间是用来介绍图书项目的。

活动五：看电影

学生将观看改编的电影说话找出与小说的不同之处。他们还将识别和描述5个场景，其中电影制作人使用戏剧工具（光线，声音，镜头角度等）来描绘小说中描述的特定情感。这将向他们展示将一本书改编成不同格式的不同形式，以及识别将原创作品转换为另一种作品的困难。从这项作业中收集的信息将帮助学生回答他们多体裁论文中的关键问题。

活动六：多体裁论文（期末作业）

学生将撰写一篇5-10页的多体裁论文说话that consists of at least 15 different genre forms. 学生应该尽量只使用一种体裁。就像电影制作人一样，学生们必须决定在他们的解释中包含小说的哪些部分。The ten page maximum requires each student to decide what aspects of the novel they want to capitalize on and what scenes they want to leave out. Deciding what parts to use in their work would demonstrate a solid understanding of the text and an engagement to at least specific areas of the text. The student should take into consideration the tone, and what they want the audience to experience or feel in each of the chosen genres. 我相信这个活动可以让学生们告诉我他们对Speak的理解。I also believe the paper allows students to show their creativity in a class that is not always considered conducive in that realm.

作品的引用

Aguilera Christina. “内心的声音”歌词。剥去． RCA Records. 2003. Web. 29 april 2013 <http://www.lyrics007.com/Christina%20Aguilera%20Lyrics/The%20Voice%20Within%20Lyrics.html>

Aguilera Christina. �The Voice Within." 在线视频剪辑。Youtube． Youtube， 2009年10月3日。2013年4月29日。<http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA2k79EGHbc>

安德森，劳里·霍尔斯。说话．纽约：Farrar Straus Giroux， 1999。打印。

Anderson, Laurie Halse. 扭曲的． New York: Viking, 2007. 打印。

留下的,玛雅。"And Still I Rise."Poem Hunter． 2003年1月3日。2013年4月29日。<http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/still-i-rise/>.

留下的,玛雅。我知道笼中鸟为何歌唱。费城：切尔西之家，1993年。打印。

山,男子飞碟双多向冠军和亚军。-喔喔（那个东西）。� Online Video Clip.Youtube． Youtube。 2010年6月23日。Web. 29 Apr. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6QKqFPRZSA>

Garden, Nancy. 结局． Orlando, FL: Harcourt, 2006. 打印。

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. 思嘉的信．伦敦：邓特父子出版社，1971。打印。

Lawhead, Steve. ""The Sun Goes Down on Summer" - West Hollow Middle School." West Hollow Middle School． N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Apr. 2013. <http://mrssepps.weebly.com/the-sun-goes-down-on-summer.html>.

Picasso, Pablo. Girl Before A Mirror. 1932. 布面油画。纽约，纽约。网络。Google Images. 29 Apr. 2013. .

说话。Sharzer, Jessica. (Independent Film) Fred Berner, Matthew Myers, Annie Young Frisbie, Jessica Sharzer. 2004. DVD

Thayer, Kelly. "A Multigenre Approach to Reading Laurie Halse Anderson's Wintergirls：融合文本，构建意义。信号杂志Spring/Summer 35.2 (2012): 7-11. 打印。

Still I Rise – Maya Angelou

你可以把我写进历史
With your bitter, twisted lies,
你可以把我踩在泥土里
但是，像尘埃一样，我仍将奋起。

我的无礼让你生气了吗？
你为什么愁眉不展？
因为我走起路来就像有油井一样
在我的客厅里抽水。

Just like moons and like suns,
With the certainty of tides,
就像希望高涨，
我还是会站起来。

你想看到我崩溃吗？
低着头，低着眼睛？
肩膀像泪珠一样落下。
被我深情的呼喊所削弱。

我的傲慢冒犯你了吗？
你不把它可怕的困难
因为我笑得像金矿一样
在自家后院挖东西。

与你的话说,你可以拍我
你可以用你的眼睛割伤我，
你可以用你的仇恨杀死我，
但是，像空气一样，我仍然会上升。

我的性感让你不高兴了吗？
这让你感到意外吗
我跳舞就像我有钻石一样
在我大腿的交汇处？

走出历史的耻辱
我上升
从痛苦的过去中走出来
我上升
我是黑色的海洋，跳跃而宽广，
我在潮水中涌动和膨胀。
留下恐怖和恐惧的夜晚
我上升
Into a daybreak that's wondrously clear
我上升
带着祖先给我的礼物，
我是奴隶的梦想和希望。
我上升
我上升
我上升。

《夏日太阳落山》作者：史蒂夫·拉黑德

夏天太阳落山时，我最后一次来到水边。

它;我能感觉到它溜走了，留下了一个冰冷的空白处
a hole in my warm memories of endless golden days
梦想像西瓜一样成熟。

I'd give the world to make the summer stay.

我周围的水很平静。
It's a warm, silent sea of thought dyed in the rich blues of night and memory.
Why can't things just stay the way they are?
取而代之的是，这些日子急匆匆地发生了变化
and I feel like nothing's ever going to be the same.

Soon school will start again. And all the things I thought I'd left behind will come back, and it
won't be gentle water I'll be swimming in---
It'll be noise and people and schedules and passes and teachers telling everyone what to do.
又一年的家庭作业，考试和成绩。Of daily popularity contests and pressure-
cooker competition and heaps of frustration.

The first day is the worst. Not knowing who your friends are, or what's changed since last
的一年。Trying to pick it up where you left off.
我会努力找去年的朋友帮我从一节炒菜课转到另一节，
through halls crawling with people.

我不知道我是否能适应。

足球训练于上周开始。It started without me.
I had to make a choice and football lost.
Two years on the team and it struck me--who am I doing this for?
这只是人们期望你做的另一件事，所以你去做了。
学校里充满了这样的事情——这些事情会削弱你的自由，让你远离自我
你自己。
这就是我最想要的，做我自己。但这很难。

Here's what I dread most: when summer goes, I go with it.
我回到学校，一踏进校门我就换了衣服。
我必须成为每个人都喜欢的人——这是生存法则。

What would happen if I just stayed the real me?
Would they turn me off? Label me "weird"?
Would I ever get another date?
这似乎太冒险了。
But growing is a risk. Change is a risk.

谁知道呢，我也许会发现我自己的一些东西

在新的一年里。

我可能会更接近真实的自己——这将是多么大的发现啊！

When the doors open on Monday morning, I�ll have a fresh start,

a fresh opportunity to find myself.

I want to be ready.

克里斯蒂娜·阿奎莱拉的《内心的声音》

年轻的女孩，别哭，当你的世界开始崩塌我就在你身边哦年轻的女孩，没关系你的眼泪会干的，你很快就可以自由飞翔哦当你在自己的房间里安全的时候，你倾向于梦想一个地方，没有什么比看起来更难没有人想要或费心去解释生活带来的心痛和它的意义当没有其他人的时候，看看你的内心，就像你的老朋友，just trust the voice within Then you'll find the strength that will guide your way You'll learn to begin to trust the voice within Yea Oh Young girl, don't hide You'll never change if you just run away Ooh, woh yeah Young girl, just hold tight Soon you're gonna see your brighter day Ooh Now in a world where innocence is quickly claimed It's so hard to stand your ground when you're so afraid No one reaches out a hand for you to hold When you look outside, look inside to your soul When there's no one else, look inside yourself Like your oldest friend, just trust the voice within Then you'll find the strength that will guide your way If you will learn to begin to trust the voice within Oh, ho, yea Ooh, oh, yea (Ooh, ooh, ooh) Oh, yea (Ooh, ooh,ooh) Life is a journey (Ooh, ooh, ooh) It can take you anywhere you choose to go (Ooh, ooh, ooh) As long as you're learning (Ooh, ooh, ooh) You'll find all you'll ever need to know (Be strong) You'll break it (Hold on) You'll make it (Be strong) Just don't forsake it because (Hold on) (No one can tell you what you can't do) No one can stop you, you know that I'm talking to you When there's no one else, look inside yourself Like your oldest friend, just trust the voice within Then you'll find the strength that will guide your way You'll learn to begin to trust the voice within Ooh, yea Young girl, don't cry, 当你的世界开始堕落时我就在这里Yea（听）（听）哦，Yea（听）Naa Naa Naa（听）{听}哦，Yea（听）{听}嗯嗯{听}嗯{听}

多类型论文类型的例子